Ascites

Ascites

Ascites is an abnormal accumulation of fluid in the abdominal cavity. The following three factors result in increased fluid transudation and subsequent ascites.

  • portal hypertension
  • decreased production of albumin in the liver
  • decreased clearance by the liver and hyperaldosteronism

With the presence of ascites due to liver failure, the risk for spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) is increased. This complication arises when the immune system is compromised. With liver cirrhosis, the intestinal wall is more permeable to bacteria.

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Albumin and paracentesis treatment is appropriate therapy for a patient with: